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What is the Secchi Dip-In? |
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The concept of the Dip-In is simple: individuals in volunteer monitoring
programs take a transparency measurement on one day in a period surrounding
Canada Day and July Fourth. Individuals may be monitoring lakes,
reservoirs, estuaries, rivers, or streams. These Secchi transparency values
are used to assess the transparency of volunteer-monitored lakes in the
United States and Canada. |
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The Dip-In also provides a national perspective of water quality. It gives a
comprehensive glimpse at transparency at volunteer-monitored sites across
the United States, Canada and the rest of the world. Scientists and
volunteers can get a sense of how transparency varies according to water
type, regional geology and land use. What is more important, these annual
Dip-In snapshots can be put together to form a changing picture of
transparency over time. |
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What is a Secchi Disk? |
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A Secchi disk is an 8-inch (20 cm) disk with alternating black and white
quadrants. It is lowered into the water of a lake until it can be no longer
seen by the observer. This depth of disappearance, called the Secchi depth,
is a measure of the transparency
of the water. Transparency can be affected by the color of the water, algae,
and suspended sediments. Transparency decreases as color, suspended
sediments, or algal abundance increases. Water is often stained yellow or
brown by decaying plant matter. Algae are small, green aquatic plants whose
abundance is related to the amount of plant nutrients, especially phosphorus
and nitrogen. Transparency can therefore be affected by the amount of plant
nutrients coming into the lake from sources such as sewage treatment plants,
septic tanks, and lawn and agricultural fertilizer. Suspended sediments
often come from sources such as resuspension from the lake bottom,
construction sites, agricultural fields, and urban storm runoff. |
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Transparency is an indicator of the impact of human activity on the land
surrounding the lake. If transparency is measured through the season and
from year to year, trends in transparency may be observed. Transparency can
serve as an early-warning that activities on the land are having an effect
on a lake. |
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